概念解释[高手不难](200分)

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电暖气

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我在网上找到下面这两个对字符串加密、解密的函数。那位高手,能从理论的角度
给解释一下。是什么算法,以及优缺点,说的越多越好。比较急同别人打赌。
const
C1 = 52845;
C2 = 22719;
//////////////
//加密函数 //
//////////////
Function EncrypKey (Src:String;
Key:String):string;
var
idx :integer;
KeyLen :Integer;
KeyPos :Integer;
offset :Integer;
dest :string;
SrcPos :Integer;
SrcAsc :Integer;
TmpSrcAsc :Integer;
Range :Integer;
begin
KeyLen:=Length(Key);
if KeyLen = 0 then
key:='Think Space';
KeyPos:=0;
SrcPos:=0;
SrcAsc:=0;
Range:=256;
Randomize;
offset:=Random(Range);
dest:=format('%1.2x',[offset]);
for SrcPos := 1 to Length(Src) do
begin
SrcAsc:=(Ord(Src[SrcPos]) + offset) MOD 255;
if KeyPos < KeyLen then
KeyPos:= KeyPos + 1 else
KeyPos:=1;
SrcAsc:= SrcAsc xor Ord(Key[KeyPos]);
dest:=dest + format('%1.2x',[SrcAsc]);
offset:=SrcAsc;
end;
Result:=Dest;
end;
/////////////
//解密函数 //
/////////////
Function UncrypKey (Src:String;
Key:String):string;
var
idx :integer;
KeyLen :Integer;
KeyPos :Integer;
offset :Integer;
dest :string;
SrcPos :Integer;
SrcAsc :Integer;
TmpSrcAsc :Integer;
Range :Integer;
begin
KeyLen:=Length(Key);
if KeyLen = 0 then
key:='Think Space';
KeyPos:=0;
SrcPos:=0;
SrcAsc:=0;
Range:=256;
offset:=StrToInt('$'+ copy(src,1,2));
SrcPos:=3;
repeat
SrcAsc:=StrToInt('$'+ copy(src,SrcPos,2));
if KeyPos < KeyLen then
KeyPos := KeyPos + 1 else
KeyPos := 1;
TmpSrcAsc := SrcAsc xor Ord(Key[KeyPos]);
if TmpSrcAsc <= offset then
TmpSrcAsc := 255 + TmpSrcAsc - offset
else
TmpSrcAsc := TmpSrcAsc - offset;
dest := dest + chr(TmpSrcAsc);
offset:=srcAsc;
SrcPos:=SrcPos + 2;
until SrcPos >= Length(Src);
Result:=Dest;
end;
 
算法简单,容易实现 因此速度快,同时也是缺点,
算法简单及其容易破解
 
其实上面的程序有点BUG,
Function EncrypKey (Src:String;
Key:String):string;
var
idx :integer;
KeyLen :Integer;
KeyPos :Integer;
offset :Integer;
dest :string;
SrcPos :Integer;
SrcAsc :Integer;
TmpSrcAsc :Integer;
Range :Integer;
begin
KeyLen:=Length(Key);
if KeyLen = 0 then
key:='Think Space' ;//这里要注意,当没有指定KEY时
//程序中给Key赋值之后,
//并没有再次给KeyLen 赋值
//因此KeyLen都为0
KeyLen:=Length(Key);
//应该加上这一句
KeyPos:=0;
SrcPos:=0;
SrcAsc:=0;
Range:=256;
Randomize;
offset:=Random(Range);
dest:=format('%1.2x',[offset]);
for SrcPos := 1 to Length(Src) do
begin
SrcAsc:=(Ord(Src[SrcPos]) + offset) MOD 255;
if KeyPos < KeyLen then
KeyPos:= KeyPos + 1 else
KeyPos:=1;
SrcAsc:= SrcAsc xor Ord(Key[KeyPos]);
dest:=dest + format('%1.2x',[SrcAsc]);
offset:=SrcAsc;
end;
Result:=Dest;
end;
/////////////
//解密函数 //
/////////////
Function UncrypKey (Src:String;
Key:String):string;
var
idx :integer;
KeyLen :Integer;
KeyPos :Integer;
offset :Integer;
dest :string;
SrcPos :Integer;
SrcAsc :Integer;
TmpSrcAsc :Integer;
Range :Integer;
begin
KeyLen:=Length(Key);
if KeyLen = 0 then
key:='Think Space';
//这里也一样
KeyLen:=Length(Key);
//应该加上这一句
KeyPos:=0;
SrcPos:=0;
SrcAsc:=0;
Range:=256;
offset:=StrToInt('$'+ copy(src,1,2));
SrcPos:=3;
repeat
SrcAsc:=StrToInt('$'+ copy(src,SrcPos,2));
if KeyPos < KeyLen then
KeyPos := KeyPos + 1 else
KeyPos := 1;
TmpSrcAsc := SrcAsc xor Ord(Key[KeyPos]);
if TmpSrcAsc <= offset then
TmpSrcAsc := 255 + TmpSrcAsc - offset
else
TmpSrcAsc := TmpSrcAsc - offset;
dest := dest + chr(TmpSrcAsc);
offset:=srcAsc;
SrcPos:=SrcPos + 2;
until SrcPos >= Length(Src);
Result:=Dest;
end;
 
比较一下这个:
---
unit des32;
interface
uses
SysUtils, WinTypes, WinProcs, Messages, Classes, Graphics, Controls,
Forms, Dialogs;
{$H-}
type
TActionType = (Encryption,Decryption);
TEncryption = class(TComponent)
private
{ Private declarations }
FInputString: string;
FOutputString: string;
FHexInputString: string;
FHexOutputString: string;
FKeyString: string;
FAction: TActionType;
FOutputLength: Word;
Procedure DES (Var Input;
Var Output;
Var Key;
Encrypt : Boolean);
function BinaryToHexStr(input:string):String;
function HexStrToBinary(input:string):String;
procedure SetInputString(input:string);
procedure SetHexInputString(input:string);
procedure SetOutputString(input:string);
procedure SetHexOutputString(input:string);
procedure SetKeyString(input:string);
function StrNPas(input:PChar;Leng:integer):string;
protected
{ Protected declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent);override;
Procedure Execute;
published
{ Published declarations }
property Input: String read FInputString write SetInputString;
property Output: String read FOutputString write SetOutputString;
property HexInput: String read FHexInputString write SetHexInputString;
property HexOutput: String read FHexOutputString write SetHexOutputString;
property Key: String read FKeyString write SetKeyString;
property Action: TActionType read FAction write FAction;
property OutputLength: Word read FOutputLength write FOutputLength;
end;

procedure Register;
implementation
procedure Register;
begin
RegisterComponents('Samples', [TEncryption]);
end;

constructor TEncryption.Create(AOwner: TComponent);
begin
inherited Create(AOwner);
Key := 'Delphi32';
FOutputLength := 8;
end;

function TEncryption.BinaryToHexStr(input:string):String;
var
idx : integer;
OutStr : String;
begin
OutStr:='';
for idx:=1 to length(input) do
OutStr := OutStr+intToHex(ord(input[idx]),2);
BinaryToHexStr := OutStr;
end;

function TEncryption.HexStrToBinary(input:string):String;
var
idx, cnt : integer;
OutStr : String;
begin
cnt := length(input) div 2;
for idx:=1 to cnt do
OutStr[idx] := chr(StrToint('$'+Copy(input,idx*2-1,2)));
OutStr[0] := chr(cnt);
HexStrToBinary := OutStr;
end;

procedure TEncryption.SetHexOutputString(input:string);
begin
FHexOutputString := input;
FOutputString := HexStrToBinary(FHexOutputString);
end;

procedure TEncryption.SetOutputString(input:string);
begin
FOutputString := input;
FHexOutputString := BinaryToHexStr(FOutputString);
end;

procedure TEncryption.SetHexInputString(input:string);
begin
if Length(input)>254 then
begin
MessageDlg('HexInput String Length Must Less 255 Character.',mtInformation,[mbOk],0);
exit;
end;
FHexInputString := input;
FInputString := HexStrToBinary(FHexInputString);
end;

procedure TEncryption.SetKeyString(input:string);
begin
if length(input)>8 then
begin
MessageDlg('Key String Length Must Less 9 Character.',mtInformation,[mbOk],0);
exit;
end;
FKeyString := input;
end;

procedure TEncryption.SetInputString(input:string);
var
leng:integer;
begin
if length(input)>127 then
begin
MessageDlg('Input String Length Must Less 127 Character.',mtInformation,[mbOk],0);
exit;
end;
FInputString := input;
FHexInputString := BinaryToHexStr(FInputString);
end;

function TEncryption.StrNPas(input:PChar;Leng:integer):string;
var
idx:integer;
output:string;
begin
for idx:=1 to Leng do
output[idx] := input[idx-1];
output[0] := chr(Leng);
StrNPas := output;
end;

Procedure TEncryption.DES (Var Input;
Var Output;
Var Key;
Encrypt : Boolean);
Const
IP : Array [1..64] Of Byte = (58,50,42,34,26,18,10,2,
60,52,44,36,28,20,12,4,
62,54,46,38,30,22,14,6,
64,56,48,40,32,24,16,8,
57,49,41,33,25,17, 9,1,
59,51,43,35,27,19,11,3,
61,53,45,37,29,21,13,5,
63,55,47,39,31,23,15,7);
InvIP : Array [1..64] Of Byte = (40, 8,48,16,56,24,64,32,
39, 7,47,15,55,23,63,31,
38, 6,46,14,54,22,62,30,
37, 5,45,13,53,21,61,29,
36, 4,44,12,52,20,60,28,
35, 3,43,11,51,19,59,27,
34, 2,42,10,50,18,58,26,
33, 1,41, 9,49,17,57,25);
E : Array [1..48] Of Byte = (32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
8, 9,10,11,12,13,
12,13,14,15,16,17,
16,17,18,19,20,21,
20,21,22,23,24,25,
24,25,26,27,28,29,
28,29,30,31,32, 1);
P : Array [1..32] Of Byte = (16, 7,20,21,
29,12,28,17,
1,15,23,26,
5,18,31,10,
2, 8,24,14,
32,27, 3, 9,
19,13,30, 6,
22,11, 4,25);
SBoxes : Array [1..8,0..3,0..15] Of Byte =
(((14, 4,13, 1, 2,15,11, 8, 3,10, 6,12, 5, 9, 0, 7),
( 0,15, 7, 4,14, 2,13, 1,10, 6,12,11, 9, 5, 3, 8),
( 4, 1,14, 8,13, 6, 2,11,15,12, 9, 7, 3,10, 5, 0),
(15,12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5,11, 3,14,10, 0, 6,13)),
((15, 1, 8,14, 6,11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2,13,12, 0, 5,10),
( 3,13, 4, 7,15, 2, 8,14,12, 0, 1,10, 6, 9,11, 5),
( 0,14, 7,11,10, 4,13, 1, 5, 8,12, 6, 9, 3, 2,15),
(13, 8,10, 1, 3,15, 4, 2,11, 6, 7,12, 0, 5,14, 9)),
((10, 0, 9,14, 6, 3,15, 5, 1,13,12, 7,11, 4, 2, 8),
(13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6,10, 2, 8, 5,14,12,11,15, 1),
(13, 6, 4, 9, 8,15, 3, 0,11, 1, 2,12, 5,10,14, 7),
( 1,10,13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4,15,14, 3,11, 5, 2,12)),
(( 7,13,14, 3, 0, 6, 9,10, 1, 2, 8, 5,11,12, 4,15),
(13, 8,11, 5, 6,15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2,12, 1,10,14, 9),
(10, 6, 9, 0,12,11, 7,13,15, 1, 3,14, 5, 2, 8, 4),
( 3,15, 0, 6,10, 1,13, 8, 9, 4, 5,11,12, 7, 2,14)),
(( 2,12, 4, 1, 7,10,11, 6, 8, 5, 3,15,13, 0,14, 9),
(14,11, 2,12, 4, 7,13, 1, 5, 0,15,10, 3, 9, 8, 6),
( 4, 2, 1,11,10,13, 7, 8,15, 9,12, 5, 6, 3, 0,14),
(11, 8,12, 7, 1,14, 2,13, 6,15, 0, 9,10, 4, 5, 3)),
((12, 1,10,15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 0,13, 3, 4,14, 7, 5,11),
(10,15, 4, 2, 7,12, 9, 5, 6, 1,13,14, 0,11, 3, 8),
( 9,14,15, 5, 2, 8,12, 3, 7, 0, 4,10, 1,13,11, 6),
( 4, 3, 2,12, 9, 5,15,10,11,14, 1, 7, 6, 0, 8,13)),
(( 4,11, 2,14,15, 0, 8,13, 3,12, 9, 7, 5,10, 6, 1),
(13, 0,11, 7, 4, 9, 1,10,14, 3, 5,12, 2,15, 8, 6),
( 1, 4,11,13,12, 3, 7,14,10,15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2),
( 6,11,13, 8, 1, 4,10, 7, 9, 5, 0,15,14, 2, 3,12)),
((13, 2, 8, 4, 6,15,11, 1,10, 9, 3,14, 5, 0,12, 7),
( 1,15,13, 8,10, 3, 7, 4,12, 5, 6,11, 0,14, 9, 2),
( 7,11, 4, 1, 9,12,14, 2, 0, 6,10,13,15, 3, 5, 8),
( 2, 1,14, 7, 4,10, 8,13,15,12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6,11)));
PC_1 : Array [1..56] Of Byte = (57,49,41,33,25,17, 9,
1,58,50,42,34,26,18,
10, 2,59,51,43,35,27,
19,11, 3,60,52,44,36,
63,55,47,39,31,23,15,
7,62,54,46,38,30,22,
14, 6,61,53,45,37,29,
21,13, 5,28,20,12, 4);
PC_2 : Array [1..48] Of Byte = (14,17,11,24, 1, 5,
3,28,15, 6,21,19,
23,19,12, 4,26, 8,
16, 7,27,20,13, 2,
41,52,31,37,47,55,
30,40,51,45,33,48,
44,49,39,56,34,53,
46,42,50,36,29,32);
ShiftTable : Array [1..16] Of Byte = (1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1);
Var
InputValue : Array [1..64] Of Byte;
OutputValue : Array [1..64] Of Byte;
RoundKeys : Array [1..16,1..48] Of Byte;
L, R, FunctionResult : Array [1..32] Of Byte;
C, D : Array [1..28] Of Byte;
Function GetBit (Var Data;
Index : Byte) : Byte;
Var
Bits : Array [0..7] Of Byte ABSOLUTE Data;
begin
Dec (Index);
If Bits[Index DIV 8] And (128 SHR (Index MOD 8))>0 then
GetBit:=1
else
GetBit:=0;
end;

Procedure SetBit (Var Data;
Index, Value : Byte);
Var
Bits : Array [0..7] Of Byte ABSOLUTE Data;
Bit : Byte;
begin
Dec (Index);
Bit:=128 SHR (Index MOD 8);
Case Value Of
0 : Bits[Index DIV 8]:=Bits[Index DIV 8] And (Not Bit);
1 : Bits[Index DIV 8]:=Bits[Index DIV 8] Or Bit;
end;
end;

Procedure F (Var FR, FK, Output);
Var
R : Array [1..48] Of Byte ABSOLUTE FR;
K : Array [1..48] Of Byte ABSOLUTE FK;
Temp1 : Array [1..48] Of Byte;
Temp2 : Array [1..32] Of Byte;
n, h, i, j, Row, Column : Integer;
TotalOut : Array [1..32] Of Byte ABSOLUTE Output;
begin
For n:=1 to 48 do
Temp1[n]:=R[E[n]] Xor K[n];
For n:=1 to 8 do
begin
i:=(n-1)*6;
j:=(n-1)*4;
Row:=Temp1[i+1]*2+Temp1[i+6];
Column:=Temp1[i+2]*8 + Temp1[i+3]*4 + Temp1[i+4]*2 + Temp1[i+5];
For h:=1 to 4 do
begin
Case h Of
1 : Temp2[j+h]:=(SBoxes[n,Row,Column] And 8) DIV 8;
2 : Temp2[j+h]:=(SBoxes[n,Row,Column] And 4) DIV 4;
3 : Temp2[j+h]:=(SBoxes[n,Row,Column] And 2) DIV 2;
4 : Temp2[j+h]:=(SBoxes[n,Row,Column] And 1);
end;
end;
end;
For n:=1 to 32 do
TotalOut[n]:=Temp2[P[n]];
end;

Procedure Shift (Var SubKeyPart);
Var
SKP : Array [1..28] Of Byte ABSOLUTE SubKeyPart;
n, b : Byte;
begin
b:=SKP[1];
For n:=1 to 27 do
SKP[n]:=SKP[n+1];
SKP[28]:=b;
end;

Procedure SubKey (Round : Byte;
Var SubKey);
Var
SK : Array [1..48] Of Byte ABSOLUTE SubKey;
n, b : Byte;
begin
For n:=1 to ShiftTable[Round] do
begin
Shift (C);
Shift (D);
end;
For n:=1 to 48 do
begin
b:=PC_2[n];
If b<=28 then
SK[n]:=C else
SK[n]:=D[b-28];
end;
end;

Var
n, i, b, Round : Byte;
Outputje : Array [1..64] Of Byte;
K : Array [1..48] Of Byte;
fi : Text;
begin
For n:=1 to 64 do
InputValue[n]:=GetBit (Input,n);
For n:=1 to 28 do
begin
C[n]:=GetBit(Key,PC_1[n]);
D[n]:=GetBit(Key,PC_1[n+28]);
end;
For n:=1 to 16 do
SubKey (n,RoundKeys[n]);
For n:=1 to 64 do
If n<=32 then
L[n]:=InputValue[IP[n]]
else
R[n-32]:=InputValue[IP[n]];
For Round:=1 to 16 do
begin
If Encrypt then
F (R,RoundKeys[Round],FunctionResult)
else
F (R,RoundKeys[17-Round],FunctionResult);
For n:=1 to 32 do
FunctionResult[n] := FunctionResult[n] Xor L[n];
L:=R;
R:=FunctionResult;
end;
For n:=1 to 64 do
begin
b:=InvIP[n];
If b<=32 then
OutputValue[n]:=R else
OutputValue[n]:=L[b-32];
end;
For n:=1 to 64 do
SetBit (Output,n,OutputValue[n]);
end;

procedure TEncryption.Execute;
var
EncryptionFlag:boolean;
tmpInputStr,tmpOutputStr,tmpKey:Array [0..8] of Char;
Leng,idx,LoopDiv,LoopMod:integer;
tmpStr: string;
begin
FOutputString:='';
Leng := length(FKeyString);
if Leng=0 then
begin
FKeyString:='Delphi30';
Leng:=8;
end;
LoopDiv:=Leng div 8;
if LoopDiv=1 then
StrPcopy(tmpKey,FKeyString)
else
begin
LoopMod := Leng mod 8;
For idx := 1 to LoopMod do
tmpKey[idx-1] := FKeyString[idx];
For idx := LoopMod+1 to 8 do
tmpKey[idx-1] := chr(0);
end;

Leng := length(FInputString);
LoopMod := Leng mod 8;
LoopDiv := Leng div 8;
EncryptionFlag := False;
if FAction = Encryption then
EncryptionFlag := True;
For idx:=1 to LoopDiv do
begin
tmpStr := copy(FInputString,(idx-1)*8+1,8);
Move(tmpStr[1], tmpInputStr, 8);
Des(tmpInputStr,tmpOutputStr,tmpKey,EncryptionFlag);
FOutputString:=FOutputString+StrNPas(tmpOutputStr,8);
end;

if LoopMod>0 then
begin
For idx:=1 to LoopMod do
tmpInputStr[idx-1] := FInputString[LoopDiv*8+idx];
For idx:=LoopMod+1 to 8 do
tmpInputStr[idx-1] := chr(0);
Des(tmpInputStr,tmpOutputStr,tmpKey,EncryptionFlag);
FOutputString := FOutputString+StrNPas(tmpOutputStr,8);
end;
if FOutputLength > 0 then
if Length(FOutputString) > FOutputLength then
FOutputString := Copy(FOutputString, Length(FOutputString)-FOutputLength+1, FOutputLength);

FHexOutputString := BinaryToHexStr(FOutputString);
end;

end.
 
那是用异或(xor)加密,运算速度快,算法简单,但容易被破解。
 
最好是用一些知名的算法,这个很难破戒
 
多人接受答案了。
 
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