用Tchart作图为何老出异常？(100分)

  • 主题发起人 主题发起人 zjmg
  • 开始时间 开始时间
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zjmg

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我用文本文件中的数据作图
文本文件中的数据格式为：每行40个字符，为数字。
memo1.lines.loadfromfile(opendialog1.filename);
用循环语句依次读入每行数据，并用Tchart作图：
x:=strtoint(copy(memo1.lines,1,4);
y:=strtofloat(copy(memo1.lines,27,2))/10;
series1.clear;
series1.addxy(x,y,''clteecolor);

程序运行后，发现虽能运行，但多次作图后会产生异常，请问高手，这是什么原因？
 
我也想知道。
 
出现什么异常？
请把你的代码全贴出来
 
我的代码是：

procedure TMainform.N4Click(Sender: TObject); //引入数据文件
begin
chart1.visible:=false;
if opendialog1.Execute then
begin
memo1.clear;
memo1.lines.loadfromfile(opendialog1.Filename); //Memo中装入文件
end;
end;

procedure TMainform.N8Click(Sender: TObject); // 作 图
var
Sk,riqi0,riqi1:Tdatetime;
i,Nian,Yue,Ri,Shi,Fen,Miao:Integer;
y:Double;
begin
if MEmo1.lines.count=0 then application.messagebox('请先引入文件！','提示',mb_ok)
else
begin
chart1.undozoom;
chart1.Visible :=true;
chart1.BackWall.Pen.Visible:=false;
chart1.Legend.Visible :=false;
chart1.width:=screen.Width ;
chart1.height:=screen.height div 2;
chart1.left:=(screen.width-chart1.width)div 2;

With Chart1.LeftAxis do
begin
Automatic := False ;
Minimum:= 0 ;
Maximum:= 0 ;
Minimum:= 0.0 ;
Maximum:=9.0;
AxisValuesFormat := '###0.0###';
title.caption:='M';
end;

With Chart1.BottomAxis do
begin
Automatic := False ;
Series1.XValues.DateTime := True;
Increment := DateTimeStep[dtOnehour];
DateSeparator := '/';
DateTimeFormat:='d/m/yyyy';
Minimum:= 0 ;
Maximum:= 0 ;
riqi0:=EncodeDate(strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],1,4)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],5,2)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],7,2)))
+EncodeTime(strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],9,2)),0,0,0);
riqi1:=EncodeDate(strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],1,4)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],5,2)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],7,2)))
+EncodeTime(strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],9,2)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],11,2))+5,50,50);
Maximum:=riqi1;
Minimum:=riqi0;
end;
chart1.leftAxis.Grid.Visible :=false;
chart1.bottomAxis.Grid.Visible :=false;
series1.clear;
series2.clear;
series3.clear;
series4.clear;
series5.clear;
series6.clear;
series7.clear;
series8.clear;
series9.clear;
series10.clear;
for i:=0 to memo1.lines.count-1 do
begin
Nian:=strtoint(copy(memo1.lines,1,4));
Yue:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,5,2));
Ri:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,7,2));
Shi:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,9,2));
Fen:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,11,2));
Miao:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,13,2));
sk:=Encodedate(nian,yue,ri)+EncodeTime(shi,fen,miao,00);
y:=strtofloat(copy(memo1.lines,27,2))/10;
series8.addxy(sk,y,'',clteecolor); //绘图
end;
end;
end;

数据文件以下为例（一个文件）：
199911012120142395711353044210002000000
199911012124590395711353045510002000000
199911012141500395711353043210002000000
199911012142304395711353043210002000000
199911012156493395711353042810002000000
199911012157116395711353043010002000000
199911012203213395711353043210002000000
199911012217164395711353043010002000000
199911012218227395711353043510002000000
199911012219443395711353043610002000000
199911012221368395711353043210002000000
199911012222012395711353043410002000000
199911012225488395711353043010002000000
199911012226340395711353043010002000000

当程序(Foxseis)运行，多次装入长度不同的数据文件后，就会出现异常，并提示如下：

Project Foxseis.exe raised exception class EaccessViolation with message 'Access
violation at address 0040230E in Module 'Foxseis.exe'. Read of ffffffff'.
process stoped. use step or Run to continue.
 
作图那段没有问题，我也是用同样的方法画线图和柱状图。
并且也是不停的Clear再重画，不同的是我是从数组中调数据。
所有还是查查你调用数据那段程序。


另：如果你的Chart不需要很多的改动，只接双击控件进行设置。

比如这一段：

With Chart1.LeftAxis do
begin
Automatic := False ;
Minimum:= 0 ;
Maximum:= 0 ;
Minimum:= 0.0 ;
Maximum:=9.0;
AxisValuesFormat := '###0.0###';
title.caption:='M';
end;


 
是我没有说清楚——
我用一个Tchart绘几种不同类型的图，需要分别设置坐标，然后绘。运行后，多次读入文件并绘图后，就会出现前述异常。
问题可能出在对坐标的分别设置上，但我不知如何解决此问题，是否必须用多个Tchart？
全部代码如下：

procedure TMainform.N4Click(Sender: TObject); //引入数据文件

begin
chart1.visible:=false;
label1.caption:='';
if opendialog1.Execute then
begin
memo1.clear;
memo1.lines.loadfromfile(opendialog1.Filename);
end;
end;


procedure TMainform.N8Click(Sender: TObject); //绘图1
var
Sk,riqi0,riqi1:Tdatetime;
i,Nian,Yue,Ri,Shi,Fen,Miao:Integer;
y:Double;
begin
if MEmo1.lines.count=0 then application.messagebox('请先引入文件！','提示',mb_ok)
else
begin
chart1.undozoom;
chart1.Visible :=true;
chart1.BackWall.Pen.Visible:=false;
chart1.Legend.Visible :=false;
chart1.width:=screen.Width ;
chart1.height:=screen.height div 2;
chart1.left:=(screen.width-chart1.width)div 2;

With Chart1.LeftAxis do
begin
Automatic := False ;
Minimum:= 0 ;
Maximum:= 0 ;
Minimum:= 0.0 ;
Maximum:=9.0;
AxisValuesFormat := '###0.0###';
title.caption:='M';
end;

With Chart1.BottomAxis do
begin
Automatic := False ;
Series1.XValues.DateTime := True;
Increment := DateTimeStep[dtOnehour];
DateSeparator := '/';
DateTimeFormat:='d/m/yyyy';
Minimum:= 0 ;
Maximum:= 0 ;
riqi0:=EncodeDate(strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],1,4)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],5,2)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],7,2)))
+EncodeTime(strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],9,2)),0,0,0);
riqi1:=EncodeDate(strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],1,4)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],5,2)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],7,2)))
+EncodeTime(strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],9,2)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],11,2))+5,50,50);
Maximum:=riqi1;
Minimum:=riqi0;
end;
chart1.leftAxis.Grid.Visible :=false;
chart1.bottomAxis.Grid.Visible :=false;
series1.clear;
series2.clear;
series3.clear;
series4.clear;
series5.clear;
series6.clear;
series7.clear;
series8.clear;
series9.clear;
series10.clear;
for i:=0 to memo1.lines.count-1 do
begin
Nian:=strtoint(copy(memo1.lines,1,4));
Yue:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,5,2));
Ri:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,7,2));
Shi:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,9,2));
Fen:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,11,2));
Miao:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,13,2));
sk:=Encodedate(nian,yue,ri)+EncodeTime(shi,fen,miao,00);
y:=strtofloat(copy(memo1.lines,27,2))/10;
series8.addxy(sk,y,'',clteecolor);
end;
end;
end;
procedure TMainform.Et1Click(Sender: TObject); //绘图2
var
i,Nian,Yue,Ri,Shi,Fen,Miao:integer;
sk,riqi0,riqi1:tdatetime;
y:double;
MS:single;
begin
if MEmo1.lines.count=0 then application.messagebox('请先引入文件！','提示',mb_ok)
else
begin
chart1.undozoom;
chart1.Visible :=true;
chart1.BackWall.Pen.Visible:=false;
chart1.Legend.Visible :=false;
chart1.width:=screen.width;
chart1.height:=screen.height div 2;
chart1.left:=(screen.width-chart1.width)div 2;


With Chart1.LeftAxis do
begin
Automatic := False ;
Minimum:= 0 ;
Maximum:= 0 ;
Maximum:= 10000000;
Minimum:=-600000;
AxisValuesFormat := '###0.###';
title.caption:='E';
end;
With Chart1.BottomAxis do
begin
Automatic := False ;
Minimum:= 0 ;
Maximum:= 0 ;
Series1.XValues.DateTime := True;
Increment := DateTimeStep[dtOneHour];
DateSeparator := '/';
DateTimeFormat:='d/m/yyyy';
riqi0:=EncodeDate(strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],1,4)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],5,2)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],7,2)))
+EncodeTime(strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],9,2)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],11,2)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[0],13,2)),0);
riqi1:=EncodeDate(strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],1,4)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],5,2)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],7,2)))
+EncodeTime(strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],9,2)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],11,2)),strtoint(copy(memo1.lines[memo1.lines.count-1],13,2)),50);
Maximum:=riqi1;
Minimum:=riqi0;
end;
chart1.leftAxis.Grid.Visible :=false;
chart1.bottomAxis.Grid.Visible :=false;
series1.clear;
series2.clear;
series3.clear;
series4.clear;
series5.clear;
series6.clear;
series7.clear;
series8.clear;
series9.clear;
series10.clear;
for i:=0 to memo1.lines.count-1 do
begin
Nian:=strtoint(copy(memo1.lines,1,4));
Yue:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,5,2));
Ri:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,7,2));
Shi:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,9,2));
Fen:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,11,2));
Miao:=strtoint(copy(Memo1.lines,13,2));
sk:=Encodedate(nian,yue,ri)+EncodeTime(shi,fen,miao,00);
Ms:=0.113*(strtofloat(copy(memo1.lines,27,2)))-1.08;
y:=sqrt(exp((4.8+1.5*Ms)*ln(10)));
series9.addxy(sk,y,'',clteecolor);
end;
end;
end;

procedure TMainform.N9Click(Sender: TObject); //绘图3
var
i:integer;
begin
if Memo1.lines.count=0 then application.messagebox('请先引入文件！','提示',mb_ok)
else
begin
chart1.undozoom;
chart1.Visible:=true;
chart1.BackWall.Pen.Visible:=true;
chart1.width:=(screen.width)*2 div 3;
chart1.height:=(screen.height)*2 div 3;
chart1.left:=(screen.width-chart1.width)div 2;
chart1.Legend.Visible :=true;
Series1.XValues.DateTime := false;

With Chart1.LeftAxis do
begin
Automatic := False ;
Minimum:= 0;
Maximum:= 0;
Maximum:=2+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines[0],16,4))/100;
Minimum:= (strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines[0],16,4))/100)-2;
title.caption:='';
end;
Chart1.BottomAxis.Increment :=1;
chart1.leftAxis.Grid.Visible :=true;
chart1.bottomAxis.Grid.Visible :=true;
With Chart1.bottomAxis do
begin
Automatic := False ;
Minimum:= 0;
Maximum:= 0;
Maximum:= 2+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines[1],20,5))/100;
Minimum:= (strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines[1],20,5))/100)-2;
end;
series1.clear;
series2.clear;
series3.clear;
series4.clear;
series5.clear;
series6.clear;
series7.clear;
series8.clear;
series9.clear;
series10.clear;
for i:=0 to memo1.lines.count-1 do
begin
case strtoint(copy(memo1.lines,27,2)) of
1..19:series10.addxy(strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,20,3))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,23,2))/60,strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,16,2))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,18,2))/60,'',clteecolor);
20..29:series7.AddXY(strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,20,3))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,23,2))/60,strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,16,2))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,18,2))/60,'',clteecolor);
30..39:series6.addxy(strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,20,3))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,23,2))/60,strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,16,2))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,18,2))/60,'',clteecolor);
40..49:series5.addxy(strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,20,3))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,23,2))/60,strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,16,2))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,18,2))/60,'',clteecolor);
50..59:series4.addxy(strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,20,3))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,23,2))/60,strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,16,2))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,18,2))/60,'',clteecolor);
60..69:series3.addxy(strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,20,3))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,23,2))/60,strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,16,2))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,18,2))/60,'',clteecolor);
70..79:series2.addxy(strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,20,3))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,23,2))/60,strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,16,2))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,18,2))/60,'',clteecolor);
80..90:series1.addxy(strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,20,3))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,23,2))/60,strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,16,2))+strtofloat(COPY(memo1.lines,18,2))/60,'',clteecolor);
else
end;
end;
end;
end;
 
这我就不知道了解因为我一个CHART只画一种形状的图形。

真的还不如多用几个CHART，分别设置好坐标，用Visible来控制，不是方便的多吗？
 
可以动态生成series,chart1.addseries()添加，摘用series.free销毁无庸的系列。
 
多人接受答案了。
 
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