如何读取EXCEL表格中的数据 ( 积分: 50 )

  • 主题发起人 主题发起人 chenglc
  • 开始时间 开始时间
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chenglc

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请教各位高手:
如何从EXCEL中读取数据,然后进行其他处理.
 
Delphi控制Excel2000心得

(一) 使用动态创建的方法



首先创建 Excel 对象,使用ComObj:

var ExcelApp: Variant;

ExcelApp := CreateOleObject( 'Excel.Application' );



1) 显示当前窗口:

ExcelApp.Visible := True;



2) 更改 Excel 标题栏:

ExcelApp.Caption := '应用程序调用 Microsoft Excel';



3) 添加新工作簿:

ExcelApp.WorkBooks.Add;



4) 打开已存在的工作簿:

ExcelApp.WorkBooks.Open( 'C:/Excel/Demo.xls' );



5) 设置第2个工作表为活动工作表:

ExcelApp.WorkSheets[2].Activate;



ExcelApp.WorksSheets[ 'Sheet2' ].Activate;



6) 给单元格赋值:

ExcelApp.Cells[1,4].Value := '第一行第四列';



7) 设置指定列的宽度(单位:字符个数),以第一列为例:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Columns[1].ColumnsWidth := 5;



8) 设置指定行的高度(单位:磅)(1磅=0.035厘米),以第二行为例:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows[2].RowHeight := 1/0.035; // 1厘米



9) 在第8行之前插入分页符:

ExcelApp.WorkSheets[1].Rows[8].PageBreak := 1;



10) 在第8列之前删除分页符:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Columns[4].PageBreak := 0;



11) 指定边框线宽度:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range[ 'B3:D4' ].Borders[2].Weight := 3;

1-左 2-右 3-顶 4-底 5-斜( / ) 6-斜( / )



12) 清除第一行第四列单元格公式:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Cells[1,4].ClearContents;



13) 设置第一行字体属性:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows[1].Font.Name := '隶书';

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows[1].Font.Color := clBlue;

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows[1].Font.Bold := True;

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows[1].Font.UnderLine := True;



14) 进行页面设置:



a.页眉:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterHeader := '报表演示';

b.页脚:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterFooter := '第=P页';

c.页眉到顶端边距2cm:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.HeaderMargin := 2/0.035;

d.页脚到底端边距3cm:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.HeaderMargin := 3/0.035;

e.顶边距2cm:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.TopMargin := 2/0.035;

f.底边距2cm:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.BottomMargin := 2/0.035;

g.左边距2cm:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.LeftMargin := 2/0.035;

h.右边距2cm:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.RightMargin := 2/0.035;

i.页面水平居中:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterHorizontally := 2/0.035;

j.页面垂直居中:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterVertically := 2/0.035;

k.打印单元格网线:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.PrintGridLines := True;



15) 拷贝操作:



a.拷贝整个工作表:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Used.Range.Copy;

b.拷贝指定区域:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range[ 'A1:E2' ].Copy;

c.从A1位置开始粘贴:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range.[ 'A1' ].PasteSpecial;

d.从文件尾部开始粘贴:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range.PasteSpecial;



16) 插入一行或一列:

a. ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows[2].Insert;

b. ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Columns[1].Insert;



17) 删除一行或一列:

a. ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows[2].Delete;

b. ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Columns[1].Delete;



18) 打印预览工作表:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PrintPreview;



19) 打印输出工作表:

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PrintOut;



20) 工作表保存:

if not ExcelApp.ActiveWorkBook.Saved then

ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PrintPreview;



21) 工作表另存为:

ExcelApp.SaveAs( 'C:/Excel/Demo1.xls' );



22) 放弃存盘:

ExcelApp.ActiveWorkBook.Saved := True;



23) 关闭工作簿:

ExcelApp.WorkBooks.Close;



24) 退出 Excel:

ExcelApp.Quit;



(二) 使用Delphi 控件方法

在Form中分别放入ExcelApplication, ExcelWorkbook和ExcelWorksheet。



1) 打开Excel

ExcelApplication1.Connect;



2) 显示当前窗口:

ExcelApplication1.Visible[0]:=True;



3) 更改 Excel 标题栏:

ExcelApplication1.Caption := '应用程序调用 Microsoft Excel';



4) 添加新工作簿:

ExcelWorkbook1.ConnectTo(ExcelApplication1.Workbooks.Add(EmptyParam,0));

5) 添加新工作表:

var Temp_Worksheet: _WorkSheet;

begin

Temp_Worksheet:=ExcelWorkbook1.

WorkSheets.Add(EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,0) as _WorkSheet;

ExcelWorkSheet1.ConnectTo(Temp_WorkSheet);

End;

6) 打开已存在的工作簿:

ExcelApplication1.Workbooks.Open (c:/a.xls

EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,

EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,

EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,0)



7) 设置第2个工作表为活动工作表:

ExcelApplication1.WorkSheets[2].Activate; 或

ExcelApplication1.WorksSheets[ 'Sheet2' ].Activate;



8) 给单元格赋值:

ExcelApplication1.Cells[1,4].Value := '第一行第四列';



9) 设置指定列的宽度(单位:字符个数),以第一列为例:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Columns[1].ColumnsWidth := 5;



10) 设置指定行的高度(单位:磅)(1磅=0.035厘米),以第二行为例:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows[2].RowHeight := 1/0.035; // 1厘米



11) 在第8行之前插入分页符:

ExcelApplication1.WorkSheets[1].Rows[8].PageBreak := 1;



12) 在第8列之前删除分页符:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Columns[4].PageBreak := 0;



13) 指定边框线宽度:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Range[ 'B3:D4' ].Borders[2].Weight := 3;

1-左 2-右 3-顶 4-底 5-斜( / ) 6-斜( / )



14) 清除第一行第四列单元格公式:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Cells[1,4].ClearContents;



15) 设置第一行字体属性:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows[1].Font.Name := '隶书';

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows[1].Font.Color := clBlue;

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows[1].Font.Bold := True;

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows[1].Font.UnderLine := True;



16) 进行页面设置:

a.页眉:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterHeader := '报表演示';

b.页脚:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterFooter := '第=P页';

c.页眉到顶端边距2cm:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.HeaderMargin := 2/0.035;

d.页脚到底端边距3cm:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.HeaderMargin := 3/0.035;

e.顶边距2cm:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.TopMargin := 2/0.035;

f.底边距2cm:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.BottomMargin := 2/0.035;

g.左边距2cm:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.LeftMargin := 2/0.035;

h.右边距2cm:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.RightMargin := 2/0.035;

i.页面水平居中:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterHorizontally := 2/0.035;

j.页面垂直居中:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterVertically := 2/0.035;

k.打印单元格网线:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.PrintGridLines := True;



17) 拷贝操作:



a.拷贝整个工作表:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Used.Range.Copy;



b.拷贝指定区域:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Range[ 'A1:E2' ].Copy;



c.从A1位置开始粘贴:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Range.[ 'A1' ].PasteSpecial;



d.从文件尾部开始粘贴:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Range.PasteSpecial;



18) 插入一行或一列:

a. ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows[2].Insert;

b. ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Columns[1].Insert;



19) 删除一行或一列:

a. ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows[2].Delete;

b. ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Columns[1].Delete;



20) 打印预览工作表:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PrintPreview;



21) 打印输出工作表:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PrintOut;



22) 工作表保存:

if not ExcelApplication1.ActiveWorkBook.Saved then

ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PrintPreview;



23) 工作表另存为:

ExcelApplication1.SaveAs( 'C:/Excel/Demo1.xls' );



24) 放弃存盘:

ExcelApplication1.ActiveWorkBook.Saved := True;



25) 关闭工作簿:

ExcelApplication1.WorkBooks.Close;



26) 退出 Excel:

ExcelApplication1.Quit;

ExcelApplication1.Disconnect;



(三) 使用Delphi 控制Excle二维图

在Form中分别放入ExcelApplication, ExcelWorkbook和ExcelWorksheet

var asheet1,achart, range:variant;



1)选择当第一个工作薄第一个工作表

asheet1:=ExcelApplication1.Workbooks[1].Worksheets[1];



2)增加一个二维图

achart:=asheet1.chartobjects.add(100,100,200,200);



3)选择二维图的形态

achart.chart.charttype:=4;



4)给二维图赋值

series:=achart.chart.seriescollection;

range:=sheet1!r2c3:r3c9;

series.add(range,true);

5)加上二维图的标题

achart.Chart.HasTitle:=True;

achart.Chart.ChartTitle.Characters.Text:=’ Excle二维图’



6)改变二维图的标题字体大小

achart.Chart.ChartTitle.Font.size:=6;



7)给二维图加下标说明

achart.Chart.Axes(xlCategory, xlPrimary).HasTitle := True;

achart.Chart.Axes(xlCategory, xlPrimary).AxisTitle.Characters.Text := '下标说明';



8)给二维图加左标说明

achart.Chart.Axes(xlValue, xlPrimary).HasTitle := True;

achart.Chart.Axes(xlValue, xlPrimary).AxisTitle.Characters.Text := '左标说明';



9)给二维图加右标说明

achart.Chart.Axes(xlValue, xlSecondary).HasTitle := True;

achart.Chart.Axes(xlValue, xlSecondary).AxisTitle.Characters.Text := '右标说明';



10)改变二维图的显示区大小

achart.Chart.PlotArea.Left := 5;

achart.Chart.PlotArea.Width := 223;

achart.Chart.PlotArea.Height := 108;



11)给二维图坐标轴加上说明

achart.chart.seriescollection[1].NAME:='坐标轴说明';

E-Mail: sunxiyu@gd-soft.net

wuxy@gd-soft.net



声明:转载本文内容请与作者联系。




这里有一个以前写过的用来读一个EXCEL文件中并写入数据库中的一个表类,
其中"连接到EXCEL"和"释放"的方法可借用,其它只需稍加改动就可以了.
如果想看单元Excel.pas,还需要把"%Delphi6%/Ocx/Servers"这个路径
加入到工程的SearchPath当中

unit ExcelToXsxxb;

interface
uses
DBClient, DB, Excel2000;

type
TExcelToXsxxb = class
private
FFileName: string; // 保存指定的EXCEL文件名
FRowCnt,FColCnt: integer;
wkSheet: _WorkSheet;
wkBook: _WorkBook;
Excel: TExcelApplication;
LCID: integer;
// 连接到指定的EXCEL服务器
function ConnectExcel(sFullFileName: string; const wStartLine: integer = 2):Boolean;
public
// 将指定格式的EXCEL文件导入到xsxxb中
procedure ExcelToXsxxb(var ACds: TClientDataSet; AFileName: string);
destructor Destroy; override;
end;

implementation
uses
Windows, Dialogs, SysUtils, MConnect, OleServer,
Variants, Forms, Classes, Controls;

{ TExcelToXsxxb }

//sFullFileName EXCEL文件名; wStartLine开始行数
function TExcelToXsxxb.ConnectExcel(sFullFileName: string; const wStartLine: integer = 2):Boolean;
begin
Result := True;
Excel := TExcelApplication.Create(nil);
with Excel do
begin
try
ConnectKind := ckRunningOrNew;
AutoQuit := False;
Connect;
LCID := GetUserDefaultLCID;
wkBook := WorkBooks.Open(sFullFileName, EmptyParam, EmptyParam,
EmptyParam, EmptyParam, EmptyParam, EmptyParam,
EmptyParam, EmptyParam, EmptyParam, EmptyParam,
EmptyParam, EmptyParam, LCID);
// 下句可加入到循环当中来读取所有的SHEETS
wkSheet := wkBook.Sheets[1] as _WorkSheet;
// 使用特殊单元格函数SpecialCells取得包含数据的最后一个单元格
wkSheet.Cells.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeLastCell, EmptyParam).Activate;
except on E: Exception do
begin
ShowMessage(E.Message);
Result := False;
Exit;
end;
end;
FRowCnt := ActiveCell.Row - wStartLine + 1;
FColCnt := ActiveCell.Column;
end;
end;

procedure TExcelToXsxxb.ExcelToXsxxb(var ACds: TClientDataSet;AFileName: string);
var
iRow,iCol: integer;
begin
ACds.Close;
ACds.CommandText := 'SELECT sfbs, xsxm, xb, sfzhm, xszhm, xxdm, xydm, zydm, njdm, bjdm, ztbz FROM xsxxb';
ACds.Open;

if not ConnectExcel(AFileName) then
Exit;

if FColCnt <> 11 then
begin
ShowMessage('请指定正确的EXCEL文件');
ACds.Close;
Exit;
end;

for iRow := 1 to FRowCnt + 1 do
begin
ACds.Append;
for iCol := 1 to FColCnt do
begin
ACds.Fields[iCol - 1].Value := wkSheet.Cells.Item[iRow,iCol].Value;
end;
end;
ACds.ApplyUpdates(0);
ACds.Close;
end;

destructor TExcelToXsxxb.Destroy;
begin
if Excel.Workbooks.Count <> 0 then
begin
wkBook.Close(False, FFileName, EmptyParam, LCID);
end;
Excel.Disconnect;
Excel := nil;
inherited;
end;

end.
 
刚帮客户写一个简单的进出口管理系统的时个用到的.你可以参考.我测试了没有问题.
procedure TfrmImport.actImportExecute(Sender: TObject);
var
strXLS : string;
i : Integer;
AllRows : Integer;
TmpImport : TImportDo;
ObjDB : TDBCtrl;
strSql : string;
begin
//导入excel的信息
if dlgOpenXLS.Execute then
begin
strXLS := dlgOpenXLS.FileName;
end
else
begin
exit;
end;

try
exclplctn1.Connect;
except
ShowMessage('Excel没有安装');
exit;
end;



try
exclwrkbk1.ConnectTo(
exclplctn1.Workbooks.Open(
strXLS,
EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,
EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam ,
EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,0
)
);
exclwrkbk1.ConnectTo(exclplctn1.Workbooks[1]);
exclwrksht1.ConnectTo(exclwrkbk1.Worksheets[1] as _WorkSheet);

except
ShowMessage('出现问题....');
exit;
end;

// exclwrkbk1.Worksheets[1]
AllRows := exclwrksht1.Rows.Count;
i := 2; // 从第二行开始
//ShowMessage(IntToStr(AllRows));
// ShowMessage(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[2,4]);
TmpImport := TImportDo.Create;
ObjDB := TDBCtrl.Create;
for i := 2 to AllRows do
begin
if Length(Trim(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,2])) = 0 then Break;

TmpImport.YDH := exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,2];
TmpImport.XH := exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,3];
strSql := 'delete from TBImport where XH=''' + trim(TmpImport.XH) + '''';
if ObjDB.ExeSql(strSql,frmDM.conMain) = False then
begin
end;
TmpImport.FH := exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,4];
TmpImport.YZSL := StrWordToInt(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,5]);
TmpImport.X20 := exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,6];
TmpImport.X40 := exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,7];
TmpImport.ZL := StrWordToFloat(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,9]);
TmpImport.FHDW := Trim(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,10]);
TmpImport.FHDWDH := Trim(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,11]);
TmpImport.SHDW := Trim(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,12]);
TmpImport.SHDWDH := Trim(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,13]);
TmpImport.HM := Trim(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,14]);
TmpImport.SFG := Trim(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,15]);
TmpImport.MDG := Trim(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,18]);
TmpImport.SYDJ := StrWordToInt(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,19]);
TmpImport.BXF := StrWordToInt(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,20]);
TmpImport.SZF := StrWordToInt(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,21]);
TmpImport.SBF := StrWordToInt(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,22]);
TmpImport.SBFS := StrWordToInt(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,23]);
TmpImport.DXF := StrWordToInt(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,24]);
TmpImport.DBFS := StrWordToInt(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,25]);
TmpImport.SKDX := Trim(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,26]);

TmpImport.FWYQ:= Trim(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,35]);

TmpImport.SFRQ := Trim(exclwrksht1.Cells.Item[i,36]);
TmpImport.DRRQ := DateToStr(Date);


if TmpImport.AddInfo = False then
begin
//exit;
end;

end;
ObjDB.Free;
TmpImport.Free;
LoadData;

end;
 
注用的是delphi 7.0 .. office 2003 用的是d7中的标准控件
 
procedure Tsjglform.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
i,k1,k2:integer;
eparam:olevariant;
docutype:olevariant;
wkbk:_workbook;
begin
if edit1.Text='' then
begin
showmessage('请选择excel');
exit;
end else
opendialog1.InitialDir:=extractfiledir(paramstr(0));

try
excelapplication1.Connect;
except
showmessage('excel 文件打开失败');
exit;
end;
excelapplication1.Visible[0]:=false;
excelapplication1.Caption:='tttt';
eparam:=emptyparam;
docutype:=0;
try
wkbk:=excelapplication1.Workbooks.Add(eparam,docutype);
wkbk:=excelapplication1.Workbooks.Open(opendialog1.FileName,emptyparam,emptyparam,emptyparam,emptyparam,emptyparam,emptyparam,emptyparam,emptyparam,emptyparam,emptyparam,emptyparam,emptyparam,emptyparam,emptyparam,docutype);
except
begin
excelapplication1.Disconnect;
excelapplication1.Quit;
showmessage('请选择');
exit;
end;
end;
excelworkbook1.ConnectTo(excelapplication1.ActiveWorkbook);
excelworksheet1.ConnectTo(excelworkbook1.Worksheets[1]as _worksheet);
if edit2.Text=''then
begin
showmessage('kkkkkkkkkk');
exit;
end;
if edit3.Text =''then
begin
showmessage('eeeeeeeeeee');
exit;
end else
k1:=strtoint(edit2.Text);
k2:=strtoint(edit3.Text);
for i:=k1 to k2 do
begin
if trim(excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,1])<>''then
begin
dm.ADOQsj.Close;
dm.ADOQsj.SQL.Clear;
dm.ADOQsj.SQL.Add('select * from sj');
dm.ADOQsj.Active:=true;
dm.ADOQsj.Open;
dm.ADOQsj.Append;
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('number').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,1];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('name').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,2];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('branch').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,3];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('items').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,4];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('intimes').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,5];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('intsj').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,6];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('lastsj').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,7];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('nowsj').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,8];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('m1').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,9];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('m2').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,10];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('m3').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,11];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('m4').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,12];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('m5').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,13];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('m6').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,14];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('m7').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,15];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('m8').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,16];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('m9').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,17];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('m10').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,18];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('m11').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,19];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('m12').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,20];
dm.ADOQsj.FieldByName('yn').AsString:=excelworksheet1.Cells.Item[i,21];
dm.ADOQsj.Post;
end;
end;
excelapplication1.Disconnect;
excelapplication1.Quit;
showmessage('ok');

end;
 
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