delphi擅长做数据库类的mis开发,但对于oa就有点力不从心了。不过随着microsoft的com技术逐渐成熟,现在普通windows应用已经可以和office 97无缝结合了,尤其是在delphi 5中提供了一组servers组件,更是简化了程序开发。
最近接触了一个用户的案例,用delphi控制word做一个合同管理程序。办公人员先根据业务需要,写好合同的文字,但在用户名称、产品名称等变化的位置填写指定的标记字符串,然后通过delphi把数据库中的实际数据替换掉word中的文字,最后让word打印出合同。
delphi自带了一个简单的word例题,但功能太简单。通过查找vba的说明,再对照delphi的vcl,编写了如下代码,实现了基本的公文管理功能。
启动word时用如下代码:
begin
try
wordapplication.connect;
except
messagedlg('word may not be installed', mterror, [mbok], 0);
abort;
end;
wordapplication.visible := true;
wordapplication.caption := 'delphi automation';
end;
关闭word用如下代码。如果想保存doc文件,请修改savechanges变量的内容:
var
savechanges, originalformat, routedocument: olevariant;
begin
savechanges := wddonotsavechanges;
originalformat := unassigned;
routedocument := unassigned;
try
wordapplication.quit(savechanges, originalformat, routedocument);
wordapplication.disconnect;
except
on e: exception do
begin
showmessage(e.message);
wordapplication.disconnect;
end;
end;
end;
让word打开一个指定的文件,需要先放置opendialog,然后调用wordapplication.documents.open:
var
itemindex
levariant;
filename, confirmconversions, readonly, addtorecentfiles,
passworddocument, passwordtemplate, revert,
writepassworddocument, writepasswordtemplate, format,
Encoding,WVisible: olevariant;
begin
if not dlgopen.execute then
exit;
{open document}
filename := dlgopen.filename;
confirmconversions := false;
readonly := false;
addtorecentfiles := false;
passworddocument := '';
passwordtemplate := '';
revert := true;
writepassworddocument := '';
writepasswordtemplate := '';
format := wdopenformatdocument;
Encoding := '';
WVisible := true;
wordapplication.documents.open( filename, confirmconversions,
readonly, addtorecentfiles, passworddocument, passwordtemplate,
revert, writepassworddocument, writepasswordtemplate, format,
Encoding,WVisible );
{assign worddocument component}
itemindex := 1;
worddocument.connectto(wordapplication.documents.item(itemindex));
{turn spell checking of because it takes a long time if enabled and slows down winword}
wordapplication.options.checkspellingasyoutype := false;
wordapplication.options.checkgrammarasyoutype := false;
end;
让word替换标记字符串要使用worddocument.range.find.execute,这里用delphi替换了< #name> :
var
findtext, matchcase, matchwholeword, matchwildcards, matchsoundslike,
matchallwordforms, forward, wrap, format, replacewith, replace,
matchchashida,matchdiacritics,matchalef,matchcontrol: olevariant;
begin
findtext := '< #name> ';
matchcase := false;
matchwholeword := true;
matchwildcards := false;
matchsoundslike := false;
matchallwordforms := false;
forward := true;
wrap := wdfindcontinue;
format := false;
replacewith := 'delphi';
replace := true;
matchchashida := false;
matchdiacritics := false;
matchalef := false;
matchcontrol := false;
worddocument.range.find.execute( findtext, matchcase, matchwholeword,
matchwildcards, matchsoundslike, matchallwordforms, forward,
wrap, format, replacewith, replace,
matchchashida,matchdiacritics,matchalef, matchcontrol );
end;
上面这4段代码完成了公文管理的基本功能,再把它和数据库结合起来,就可以开发一个与lotus notes类似的产品了。